Sale reports / Georgia / Athens / 2024-12-18

Athens

Name: Athens livestock auction prices — 2024-12-18
Creator: RaisedBeef
Published: 2024-12-18

Feeder Cattle · Slaughter Cattle · Replacement Cattle · Athens, Georgia · Wed, Dec 18

● Final100 lots reportedUSDA AMS · slug 1940

← Dec 11Dec 18Jan 8 →

Feeder Cattle receipts

377 head

▲ 228 vs last sale 149▲ 297 vs year ago 80 · +371.3%

Slaughter Cattle receipts

169 head

▲ 120 vs last sale 49▲ 74 vs year ago 95 · +77.9%

Replacement Cattle receipts

277 head

▲ 262 vs last sale 15▲ 269 vs year ago 8 · +3,362.5%

Also sold hereSpecial Feeder Cattle SaleThu Oct 8, 2026

View

Reporter comment USDA

As filed

Compared to one week earlier, Slaughter Cows and Bulls lightly tested, Replacement Cattle 5.00 to 8.00 higher, all feeder classes steady to 5.00 higher.

Weight class — the figures below change to match

Weight classPick one — the panels below update

Heifers · summary 500–600 lb

Weighted average of every reported lot

500–600 lb heifers averaged $234.84/cwt on 18 head. That ranks 1 of 31 comparable sales and sits −114.19 against this barn's trailing median of $349.03.

Average price

$234.84

18 head · 545 lb average

Value per head Derived

$1,280

Price × average weight ÷ 100

Grade differential Derived

$84

per head · Medium and Large 1 over Medium and Large 3

$34.38/cwt at this weight

vs the market

−16.61

vs GA average

−50.11 vs national

Price by quality 500–600 lb

Frame and muscle grade

Frame / muscle	Avg wt	$/cwt	$/head	Head
Medium and Large 1	519	253.13	1,312	4thin
Medium and Large 2	546	237.76	1,298	8thin
Medium and Large 3	562	218.75	1,229	6thin

One grade step is worth $34.38/cwt here — about $84 a head. Across this sale the premium is widest at 400–500 lb. USDA reports each grade on its own line and never publishes the spread.

How it compared 500–600 lb

Same class and week · spot auction only

This sale18 hd

234.84

—

GA average15 barns · 562 hd

251.45

−16.61

National average180 barns · 17,940 hd

284.95

−50.11

This barn, trailing median31 sales

349.03

−114.19

A barn can sit above the state average at one weight and below it at another — check the class you actually sell.

This barn's trailing prices 500–600 lb

31 sales

Heifers 500–600 lb: high $397.52, low $275.32, median $349.03 across 31 sales. Sales under 10 head in this class are excluded, so a thin day cannot swing the median or the ranking.

Slaughter cattle

By class and quality grade · $/cwt

Cull cows and bulls are graded, not weight-classed — grade is what moves the money here.

Class	Grade	Dressing	Avg wt	$/cwt	$/head	Head
Bulls	—	Average	1,632	137.26	2,241	20
Cows	Boner 80-85%	Low	1,285	115.38	1,482	76
Cows	Breaker 75-80%	Average	1,466	114.54	1,679	15
Cows	Lean 85-90%	High	1,050	99.46	1,044	16

Replacement cattle Per head

By class, stage and age

Bred stock and pairs are reported per head, not per hundredweight — these prices are never mixed with the $/cwt figures above.

Class	Stage	Age	Avg wt	$/head	Head
Bred Cows	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	1,264	$2,554	89
Bred Cows	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	1,208	$2,005	31
Bred Cows	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	1,119	$1,555	44
Cow-Calf Pairs	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	1,089	$3,089	4thin
Cow-Calf Pairs	Open	Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	1,142	$2,834	35

Every lot

100 lots · USDA AMS · Northeast Georgia Livestock - Athens, GA

Nothing removed and nothing rounded — the same lots as the USDA report, with per-head values added. Grouped by class and set lightest first; USDA files them in sale-ring order.

Class	Weight	Grade / description	Avg wt	Price	Range	Per head	Head
Feeder Cattle · Steers17 lots · lightest first
Steers	300–350	Medium and Large 1	320	389.69/cwt	385.00–395.00	1,247	2
Steers	350–400	Medium and Large 1	355	370.00/cwt	370.00–370.00	1,314	1
Steers	350–400	Medium and Large 2	381	363.69/cwt	361.00–365.00	1,386	12
Steers	400–450	Medium and Large 2	423	325.00/cwt	325.00–325.00	1,375	2
Steers	450–500	Medium and Large 1	450	317.50/cwt	317.50–317.50	1,429	1
Steers	450–500	Medium and Large 1Value Added	460	335.00/cwt	335.00–335.00	1,541	1
Steers	450–500	Medium and Large 2	470	302.50/cwt	302.50–302.50	1,422	2
Steers	450–500	Medium and Large 3	470	290.95/cwt	285.00–292.50	1,367	5
Steers	500–550	Medium and Large 3	535	280.00/cwt	280.00–280.00	1,498	1
Steers	500–550	Medium and Large 1	549	302.00/cwt	302.00–302.00	1,658	11
Steers	550–600	Medium and Large 3	550	265.00/cwt	265.00–265.00	1,458	1
Steers	600–650	Medium and Large 2	623	262.53/cwt	260.00–265.00	1,636	2
Steers	650–700	Medium and Large 2	670	255.00/cwt	255.00–255.00	1,709	1
Steers	700–750	Medium and Large 2	710	242.50/cwt	242.50–242.50	1,722	1
Steers	700–750	Medium and Large 3	745	230.00/cwt	230.00–230.00	1,714	1
Steers	800–850	Medium and Large 2	820	220.00/cwt	220.00–220.00	1,804	1
Steers	800–850	Medium and Large 3	830	210.00/cwt	210.00–210.00	1,743	2
Feeder Cattle · Heifers26 lots · lightest first
Heifers	250–300	Medium and Large 3	286	297.45/cwt	290.00–305.00	851	4
Heifers	250–300	Medium and Large 2	290	315.00/cwt	315.00–315.00	914	1
Heifers	300–350	Medium and Large 1	318	312.20/cwt	305.00–320.00	993	2
Heifers	300–350	Medium and Large 3	328	284.73/cwt	280.00–290.00	934	2
Heifers	350–400	Medium and Large 3	352	283.34/cwt	280.00–285.00	997	3
Heifers	350–400	Medium and Large 1	362	304.98/cwt	300.00–315.00	1,104	3
Heifers	350–400	Medium and Large 2	382	290.00/cwt	290.00–290.00	1,108	5
Heifers	400–450	Medium and Large 1	403	282.48/cwt	280.00–285.00	1,138	2
Heifers	400–450	Medium and Large 2	406	270.16/cwt	265.00–279.00	1,097	4
Heifers	400–450	Medium and Large 3	410	253.95/cwt	245.00–260.00	1,041	5
Heifers	450–500	Medium and Large 2	457	251.45/cwt	247.50–255.00	1,149	6
Heifers	450–500	Medium and Large 3	468	239.95/cwt	235.00–245.00	1,123	4
Heifers	500–550	Medium and Large 1	508	255.00/cwt	255.00–255.00	1,295	3
Heifers	500–550	Medium and Large 2	524	242.39/cwt	240.00–245.00	1,270	5
Heifers	500–550	Medium and Large 3	535	227.50/cwt	227.50–227.50	1,217	1
Heifers	550–600	Medium and Large 1	550	247.50/cwt	247.50–247.50	1,361	1
Heifers	550–600	Medium and Large 3	567	217.00/cwt	205.00–222.50	1,230	5
Heifers	550–600	Medium and Large 2	582	230.04/cwt	225.00–235.00	1,339	3
Heifers	600–650	Medium and Large 2	608	220.00/cwt	220.00–220.00	1,338	2
Heifers	600–650	Medium and Large 3	613	211.12/cwt	205.00–217.50	1,294	2
Heifers	600–650	Medium and Large 1	625	233.47/cwt	230.00–237.50	1,459	5
Heifers	650–700	Medium and Large 1	655	222.48/cwt	220.00–225.00	1,457	2
Heifers	650–700	Medium and Large 3	670	207.50/cwt	207.50–207.50	1,390	1
Heifers	700–750	Medium and Large 2	720	207.50/cwt	207.50–207.50	1,494	1
Heifers	700–750	Medium and Large 1	735	215.00/cwt	215.00–215.00	1,580	1
Heifers	700–750	Medium and Large 3	740	195.00/cwt	195.00–195.00	1,443	1
Feeder Cattle · Bulls26 lots · lightest first
Bulls	250–300	Medium and Large 3	270	355.00/cwt	355.00–355.00	959	2
Bulls	250–300	Medium and Large 2	295	375.00/cwt	375.00–375.00	1,106	1
Bulls	300–350	Medium and Large 2	325	357.03/cwt	355.00–365.00	1,160	5
Bulls	300–350	Medium and Large 1	327	373.32/cwt	370.00–375.00	1,221	3
Bulls	300–350	Medium and Large 3	335	342.06/cwt	335.00–350.00	1,146	5
Bulls	350–400	Medium and Large 1	355	360.00/cwt	360.00–360.00	1,278	1
Bulls	350–400	Medium and Large 2	370	348.72/cwt	347.50–350.00	1,290	2
Bulls	350–400	Medium and Large 3	378	339.90/cwt	335.00–345.00	1,285	2
Bulls	400–450	Medium and Large 1Value Added	415	330.00/cwt	330.00–330.00	1,370	1
Bulls	400–450	Medium and Large 3	420	284.94/cwt	280.00–290.00	1,197	2
Bulls	400–450	Medium and Large 2	421	298.06/cwt	275.00–307.50	1,255	5
Bulls	400–450	Medium and Large 1	435	315.05/cwt	312.50–317.50	1,370	3
Bulls	450–500	Medium and Large 1	458	292.46/cwt	290.00–295.00	1,339	2
Bulls	450–500	Medium and Large 1Value Added	465	327.50/cwt	327.50–327.50	1,523	1
Bulls	450–500	Medium and Large 2	475	274.52/cwt	272.50–277.50	1,304	5
Bulls	450–500	Medium and Large 3	483	265.00/cwt	265.00–265.00	1,280	2
Bulls	500–550	Medium and Large 1	500	270.00/cwt	270.00–270.00	1,350	1
Bulls	500–550	Medium and Large 2	513	262.51/cwt	260.00–265.00	1,347	2
Bulls	500–550	Medium and Large 3	529	244.86/cwt	240.00–255.00	1,295	7
Bulls	550–600	Medium and Large 2	575	245.00/cwt	245.00–245.00	1,409	3
Bulls	550–600	Medium and Large 3	582	233.30/cwt	230.00–235.00	1,358	3
Bulls	550–600	Medium and Large 1	585	257.50/cwt	257.50–257.50	1,506	1
Bulls	600–650	Medium and Large 3	620	220.52/cwt	215.00–225.00	1,367	5
Bulls	700–750	Medium and Large 1	705	220.00/cwt	220.00–220.00	1,551	1
Bulls	750–800	Medium and Large 1	763	210.84/cwt	210.00–212.50	1,609	3
Bulls	800–850	Medium and Large 3	820	185.00/cwt	185.00–185.00	1,517	1
Slaughter Cattle · Bulls3 lots · lightest first
Bulls	—	—	1,539	135.83/cwt	132.00–139.00	2,090	7
Bulls	—	—	1,568	130.32/cwt	129.00–131.00	2,043	6
Bulls	—	—	1,781	144.64/cwt	141.00–148.00	2,576	7
Slaughter Cattle · Cows9 lots · lightest first
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	1,008	100.70/cwt	95.00–105.00	1,015	6
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	1,042	87.64/cwt	84.00–93.00	913	5
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	1,107	109.80/cwt	108.00–112.00	1,215	5
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	1,197	109.31/cwt	105.00–112.00	1,308	19
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	1,312	116.71/cwt	113.00–120.00	1,531	51
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	1,329	123.26/cwt	122.00–125.00	1,638	6
Cows	—	Breaker 75-80%	1,455	115.02/cwt	112.00–119.00	1,674	12
Cows	—	Breaker 75-80%	1,485	123.00/cwt	123.00–123.00	1,827	1
Cows	—	Breaker 75-80%	1,523	107.42/cwt	106.00–109.00	1,636	2
Replacement Cattle · Cow-Calf Pairs10 lots · lightest first
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Small 1-2	978	2,012.79/head	1,800.00–2,200.00	2,013	2
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 2-3	1,033	2,771.19/head	2,600.00–2,950.00	2,771	2
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 2-3	1,047	2,770.64/head	2,600.00–3,000.00	2,771	9
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 2-3	1,048	2,778.04/head	2,700.00–2,850.00	2,778	2
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,130	3,500.00/head	3,500.00–3,500.00	3,500	1
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,130	3,400.00/head	3,400.00–3,400.00	3,400	2
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Small 1-2	1,135	1,800.00/head	1,800.00–1,800.00	1,800	1
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,200	3,184.80/head	3,000.00–3,350.00	3,185	12
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 2-3	1,210	2,384.05/head	2,200.00–2,600.00	2,384	5
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,268	3,084.23/head	2,950.00–3,300.00	3,084	3
Replacement Cattle · Bred Cows9 lots · lightest first
Bred Cows	—	Small 1-2	913	1,163.91/head	900.00–1,400.00	1,164	10
Bred Cows	—	Small 1-2	971	1,378.67/head	975.00–1,750.00	1,379	4
Bred Cows	—	Small 1-2	994	1,287.11/head	1,075.00–1,550.00	1,287	4
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 2-3	1,161	1,488.40/head	1,250.00–1,650.00	1,488	17
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,197	1,852.48/head	1,700.00–2,150.00	1,852	17
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 2-3	1,230	1,915.40/head	1,525.00–2,150.00	1,915	16
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 2-3	1,252	2,389.57/head	1,700.00–2,650.00	2,390	45
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,253	2,396.45/head	2,150.00–2,600.00	2,396	11
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,307	2,855.42/head	2,600.00–3,200.00	2,855	40

This sale against other markets

Georgia weighted averages

One sale is one barn on one day. The state ladder is every Georgia auction USDA reported that week, weighted by head — the fairer test of whether a lot sold well.

Georgia feeder prices, every weight →Every state and region →

Northeast Georgia Livestock - Athens, GA

Wed Dec 18, 2024

USDA Livestock, Poultry & Grain Market News · Federal-State Market News Service, Thomasville, GA (LS-TV)

Feeder CattleReceipts 377Last week 149Year ago 80

Slaughter CattleReceipts 169Last week 49Year ago 95

Replacement CattleReceipts 277Last week 15Year ago 8

Compared to one week earlier, Slaughter Cows and Bulls lightly tested, Replacement Cattle 5.00 to 8.00 higher, all feeder classes steady to 5.00 higher.

Replacement Cattle

As reported

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cow-Calf Pairs — Medium and Large 1-2$ per head · actual wt
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	1	—	1,130	3,500.00	3,500.00
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	12	—	1,200	3,000.00–3,350.00	3,184.80
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	3	—	1,268	2,950.00–3,300.00	3,084.23
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	2	—	1,130	3,400.00	3,400.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cow-Calf Pairs — Medium and Large 2-3$ per head · actual wt
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	5	—	1,210	2,200.00–2,600.00	2,384.05
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	2	—	1,033	2,600.00–2,950.00	2,771.19
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	2	—	1,048	2,700.00–2,850.00	2,778.04
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	9	—	1,047	2,600.00–3,000.00	2,770.64

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cow-Calf Pairs — Small 1-2$ per head · actual wt
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	1	—	1,135	1,800.00	1,800.00
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	2	—	978	1,800.00–2,200.00	2,012.79

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium and Large 1-2$ per head · actual wt
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	40	—	1,307	2,600.00–3,200.00	2,855.42
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	11	—	1,253	2,150.00–2,600.00	2,396.45
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	17	—	1,197	1,700.00–2,150.00	1,852.48

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium and Large 2-3$ per head · actual wt
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	45	—	1,252	1,700.00–2,650.00	2,389.57
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	16	—	1,230	1,525.00–2,150.00	1,915.40
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	17	—	1,161	1,250.00–1,650.00	1,488.40

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Small 1-2$ per head · actual wt
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	10	—	913	900.00–1,400.00	1,163.91
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	4	—	971	975.00–1,750.00	1,378.67
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	4	—	994	1,075.00–1,550.00	1,287.11

Feeder Cattle

As reported

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
2	300–350	318	305.00–320.00	312.20
3	350–400	362	300.00–315.00	304.98
2	400–450	403	280.00–285.00	282.48
3	500–550	508	255.00	255.00
1	550–600	550	247.50	247.50
5	600–650	625	230.00–237.50	233.47
2	650–700	655	220.00–225.00	222.48
1	700–750	735	215.00	215.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	250–300	290	315.00	315.00
5	350–400	382	290.00	290.00
4	400–450	406	265.00–279.00	270.16
6	450–500	457	247.50–255.00	251.45
5	500–550	524	240.00–245.00	242.39
3	550–600	582	225.00–235.00	230.04
2	600–650	608	220.00	220.00
1	700–750	720	207.50	207.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 3$ per cwt · actual wt
4	250–300	286	290.00–305.00	297.45
2	300–350	328	280.00–290.00	284.73
3	350–400	352	280.00–285.00	283.34
5	400–450	410	245.00–260.00	253.95
4	450–500	468	235.00–245.00	239.95
1	500–550	535	227.50	227.50
5	550–600	567	205.00–222.50	217.00
2	600–650	613	205.00–217.50	211.12
1	650–700	670	207.50	207.50
1	700–750	740	195.00	195.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
3	300–350	327	370.00–375.00	373.32
1	350–400	355	360.00	360.00
3	400–450	435	312.50–317.50	315.05
2	450–500	458	290.00–295.00	292.46
1	500–550	500	270.00	270.00
1	550–600	585	257.50	257.50
1	700–750	705	220.00	220.00
3	750–800	763	210.00–212.50	210.84

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	250–300	295	375.00	375.00
5	300–350	325	355.00–365.00	357.03
2	350–400	370	347.50–350.00	348.72
5	400–450	421	275.00–307.50	298.06
5	450–500	475	272.50–277.50	274.52
2	500–550	513	260.00–265.00	262.51
3	550–600	575	245.00	245.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 3$ per cwt · actual wt
2	250–300	270	355.00	355.00
5	300–350	335	335.00–350.00	342.06
2	350–400	378	335.00–345.00	339.90
2	400–450	420	280.00–290.00	284.94
2	450–500	483	265.00	265.00
7	500–550	529	240.00–255.00	244.86
3	550–600	582	230.00–235.00	233.30
5	600–650	620	215.00–225.00	220.52
1	800–850	820	185.00	185.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1 · Value Added$ per cwt · actual wt
1	400–450	415	330.00	330.00
1	450–500	465	327.50	327.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
12	350–400	381	361.00–365.00	363.69
2	400–450	423	325.00	325.00
2	450–500	470	302.50	302.50
2	600–650	623	260.00–265.00	262.53
1	650–700	670	255.00	255.00
1	700–750	710	242.50	242.50
1	800–850	820	220.00	220.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 3$ per cwt · actual wt
5	450–500	470	285.00–292.50	290.95
1	500–550	535	280.00	280.00
1	550–600	550	265.00	265.00
1	700–750	745	230.00	230.00
2	800–850	830	210.00	210.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
2	300–350	320	385.00–395.00	389.69
1	350–400	355	370.00	370.00
1	450–500	450	317.50	317.50
11	500–550	549	302.00	302.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1 · Value Added$ per cwt · actual wt
1	450–500	460	335.00	335.00

Slaughter Cattle

As reported

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Breaker 75-80%$ per cwt · actual wt
12	—	1,455	112.00–119.00	115.02
2	—	1,523	106.00–109.00	107.42
1	—	1,485	123.00	123.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Boner 80-85%$ per cwt · actual wt
19	—	1,197	105.00–112.00	109.31
51	—	1,312	113.00–120.00	116.71
6	—	1,329	122.00–125.00	123.26

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Lean 85-90%$ per cwt · actual wt
5	—	1,107	108.00–112.00	109.80
5	—	1,042	84.00–93.00	87.64
6	—	1,008	95.00–105.00	100.70

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls$ per cwt · actual wt
7	—	1,539	132.00–139.00	135.83
6	—	1,568	129.00–131.00	130.32
7	—	1,781	141.00–148.00	144.64

Head, weight ranges, average weights and price ranges are exactly as USDA AMS filed them — nothing recomputed, nothing rounded — in USDA's own reporting structure. This is RaisedBeef's rendering of that data, not a copy of USDA's document.