Sale reports / New Mexico / Roswell Livestock Auction / 2023-06-26

Roswell Livestock Auction

Name: Roswell Livestock Auction livestock auction prices — 2023-06-26
Creator: RaisedBeef
Published: 2023-06-26

Feeder Cattle · Slaughter Cattle · Replacement Cattle · Roswell, New Mexico · Mon, Jun 26

● Final98 lots reportedUSDA AMS · slug 1782

← Jun 19Jun 26Jul 10 →

Feeder Cattle receipts

573 head

▼ 317 vs last sale 890▼ 817 vs year ago 1,390 · −58.8%

Slaughter Cattle receipts

183 head

▼ 4 vs last sale 187▼ 38 vs year ago 221 · −17.2%

Replacement Cattle receipts

150 head

▲ 59 vs last sale 91▲ 61 vs year ago 89 · +68.5%

View

Reporter comment USDA

As filed

Compared to last week; Steer calves 300-400 lbs sold steady to sharply higher, 400-450 lbs were 8.00 lower.450-500 lbs sold 5.00 higher. 500-550 lbs steers were 8.00 lower. Feeder steers 600-650 sold 3-00 lower. Heifer calves under 300 lbs sold 2.00 higher while 350-500 lbs were 2.00-3.00 lower Feeder heifers had insufficient numbers to compare. Slaughter cows were steady to 1.00 higher and slaughter bulls sold steady. Trade was sluggish on lower numbers with a lower market. Excellent buyer attendance

Weight class — the figures below change to match

Weight classPick one — the panels below update

Steers · summary 0–100 lb

Weighted average of every reported lot

0–100 lb steers averaged $254.41/cwt on 212 head.

Average price

$254.41

212 head · 620 lb average

Value per head Derived

$1,577

Price × average weight ÷ 100

Grade differential Derived

−$174

per head · Small and Medium 2 over Medium 1-2

$107.26/cwt at this weight

vs the market

+3.57

vs NM average

Price by quality 0–100 lb

Frame and muscle grade

Frame / muscle	Avg wt	$/cwt	$/head	Head
Small and Medium 2	477	287.26	1,370	8thin
Medium and Large 1	623	255.99	1,594	189
Medium and Large 1-2	630	222.69	1,403	13thin
Medium 1-2	858	180.00	1,544	2thin

One grade step is worth $107.26/cwt here — about −$174 a head. Across this sale the premium is widest at 0–100 lb. USDA reports each grade on its own line and never publishes the spread.

How it compared 0–100 lb

Same class and week · spot auction only

This sale212 hd

254.41

—

NM average3 barns · 743 hd

250.85

+3.57

A barn can sit above the state average at one weight and below it at another — check the class you actually sell.

Slaughter cattle

By class and quality grade · $/cwt

Cull cows and bulls are graded, not weight-classed — grade is what moves the money here.

Class	Grade	Dressing	Avg wt	$/cwt	$/head	Head
Bulls	—	Average	1,539	115.93	1,784	33
Cows	Breaker 75-80%	Low	1,239	105.38	1,305	7thin
Cows	Boner 80-85%	Low	1,214	95.37	1,158	88
Cows	Lean 85-90%	Low	1,020	74.68	762	44

Replacement cattle Per head

By class, stage and age

Bred stock and pairs are reported per head, not per hundredweight — these prices are never mixed with the $/cwt figures above.

Class	Stage	Age	Avg wt	$/head	Head
Bred Cows	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	955	$1,529	6
Bred Cows	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	1,075	$1,375	2thin
Bred Cows	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	833	$768	6
Bred Cows	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	635	$635	5
Bulls	N/A	Young (2-4 yrs)	1,225	$2,450	3thin
Cow-Calf Pairs	Open	Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	1,120	$1,605	5
Cow-Calf Pairs	Open	Aged (>8 yrs)	1,280	$1,600	4thin
Cow-Calf Pairs	Open	Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	1,098	$1,498	22

Every lot

98 lots · USDA AMS · Roswell Livestock Auction - Roswell, NM

Nothing removed and nothing rounded — the same lots as the USDA report, with per-head values added. Grouped by class and set lightest first; USDA files them in sale-ring order.

Class	Weight	Grade / description	Avg wt	Price	Range	Per head	Head
Feeder Cattle · Steers29 lots · lightest first
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	180	500.00/head	500.00–500.00	500	1
Steers	—	Small 3	244	450.00/head	450.00–450.00	450	5
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	284	362.00/cwt	362.00–362.00	1,028	4
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	337	341.67/cwt	326.00–355.00	1,151	9
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1Value Added	380	337.50/cwt	331.00–352.00	1,283	12
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	389	292.81/cwt	292.00–294.00	1,139	5
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	436	291.69/cwt	285.00–302.00	1,272	19
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	472	278.47/cwt	270.00–292.00	1,314	21
Steers	—	Small and Medium 2	477	287.26/cwt	282.00–289.00	1,370	8
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	478	264.00/cwt	264.00–264.00	1,262	3
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1Value Added	508	280.00/cwt	280.00–280.00	1,422	2
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1Full	515	237.00/cwt	237.00–237.00	1,221	2
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	535	225.00/cwt	225.00–225.00	1,204	3
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	537	271.46/cwt	261.00–280.00	1,458	30
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	555	261.74/cwt	260.00–264.00	1,453	7
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	616	252.43/cwt	250.00–254.00	1,555	15
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	635	195.00/cwt	195.00–195.00	1,238	2
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	670	210.00/cwt	210.00–210.00	1,407	2
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	672	198.00/cwt	198.00–198.00	1,331	3
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1Value Added	697	228.00/cwt	228.00–228.00	1,589	5
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	703	227.50/cwt	227.50–227.50	1,599	7
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	766	211.00/cwt	211.00–211.00	1,616	4
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	835	180.00/cwt	180.00–180.00	1,503	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	848	206.00/cwt	206.00–206.00	1,747	3
Steers	—	Medium 1-2	858	180.00/cwt	180.00–180.00	1,544	2
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1Value Added	870	245.00/cwt	245.00–245.00	2,132	2
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	875	194.06/cwt	183.00–202.00	1,698	14
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	920	182.00/cwt	182.00–182.00	1,674	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1	1,088	170.00/cwt	170.00–170.00	1,850	26
Feeder Cattle · Heifers24 lots · lightest first
Heifers	—	Small and Medium 3	215	325.00/head	325.00–325.00	325	1
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1	262	286.17/cwt	285.00–288.00	750	10
Heifers	—	Small 3	285	300.00/head	300.00–300.00	300	1
Heifers	—	Small 3	298	208.00/cwt	208.00–208.00	620	3
Heifers	—	Small and Medium 3	315	350.00/head	350.00–350.00	350	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1	329	290.00/cwt	290.00–290.00	954	5
Heifers	—	Small 3	337	204.00/cwt	204.00–204.00	687	3
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1Unweaned	338	250.00/cwt	250.00–250.00	845	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1	369	254.35/cwt	245.00–267.00	939	9
Heifers	—	Small and Medium 3	410	475.00/head	475.00–475.00	475	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	415	247.00/cwt	247.00–247.00	1,025	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1	421	257.55/cwt	252.00–260.00	1,084	18
Heifers	—	Small 3	467	118.79/cwt	85.00–180.00	555	6
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1Value Added	474	265.48/cwt	260.00–275.00	1,258	10
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1	485	237.61/cwt	227.00–245.00	1,152	17
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	493	207.00/cwt	207.00–207.00	1,021	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1	521	232.27/cwt	224.00–240.00	1,210	4
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1	554	223.73/cwt	222.00–228.00	1,239	7
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1	610	224.00/cwt	224.00–224.00	1,366	4
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	620	200.00/cwt	200.00–200.00	1,240	1
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1	667	205.71/cwt	200.00–214.00	1,372	5
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 2-3	723	187.00/cwt	187.00–187.00	1,352	4
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1	770	183.00/cwt	183.00–183.00	1,409	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1	920	150.00/cwt	150.00–150.00	1,380	3
Feeder Cattle · Bulls11 lots · lightest first
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1	315	345.00/cwt	345.00–345.00	1,087	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1-2	398	294.00/cwt	294.00–294.00	1,170	3
Bulls	—	Small and Medium 3	405	475.00/head	475.00–475.00	475	3
Bulls	—	Small and Medium 3	443	50.00/cwt	50.00–50.00	222	2
Bulls	—	Small and Medium 3	501	425.00/head	425.00–425.00	425	4
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1-2	520	278.00/cwt	278.00–278.00	1,446	3
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1	528	256.00/cwt	256.00–256.00	1,352	3
Bulls	—	Medium 1-2	536	172.00/cwt	172.00–172.00	922	5
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1	640	240.00/cwt	240.00–240.00	1,536	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1-2	711	173.00/cwt	173.00–173.00	1,230	5
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1-2	965	76.00/cwt	76.00–76.00	733	1
Feeder Cattle · Dairy Steers1 lot · lightest first
Dairy Steers	—	Large 2	485	156.00/cwt	156.00–156.00	757	2
Feeder Cattle · Dairy Heifers2 lots · lightest first
Dairy Heifers	—	Large 2	437	162.00/cwt	162.00–162.00	708	3
Dairy Heifers	—	Large 2	723	160.00/cwt	160.00–160.00	1,157	6
Slaughter Cattle · Bulls3 lots · lightest first
Bulls	—	—	1,330	91.74/cwt	86.00–98.00	1,220	3
Bulls	—	—	1,411	111.09/cwt	103.00–115.00	1,567	12
Bulls	—	—	1,659	123.18/cwt	116.00–130.00	2,044	18
Slaughter Cattle · Cows11 lots · lightest first
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	923	61.92/cwt	52.00–66.00	572	15
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	1,028	82.82/cwt	79.00–86.00	851	16
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	1,055	90.00/cwt	90.00–90.00	950	2
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	1,093	72.40/cwt	69.00–78.00	791	7
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	1,152	91.15/cwt	89.00–92.50	1,050	28
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	1,154	87.55/cwt	85.00–90.00	1,010	6
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	1,221	98.44/cwt	94.50–102.50	1,202	18
Cows	—	Breaker 75-80%	1,228	106.50/cwt	100.00–111.00	1,308	4
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%Return to Feed	1,247	99.73/cwt	94.50–103.00	1,244	25
Cows	—	Breaker 75-80%	1,253	103.88/cwt	102.50–106.00	1,302	3
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	1,288	93.02/cwt	91.00–95.00	1,198	15
Replacement Cattle · Bulls2 lots · lightest first
Bulls	—	Medium 1-2	975	1,450.00/head	1,450.00–1,450.00	1,450	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1	1,350	2,950.00/head	2,800.00–3,100.00	2,950	2
Replacement Cattle · Cow-Calf Pairs9 lots · lightest first
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium 1-2	900	1,425.00/head	1,250.00–1,725.00	1,425	3
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium 2	915	762.50/head	725.00–800.00	763	2
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1	1,016	1,550.00/head	1,200.00–2,200.00	1,550	4
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1	1,063	1,700.00/head	1,675.00–1,725.00	1,700	2
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1	1,135	1,287.50/head	1,275.00–1,300.00	1,288	2
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1	1,147	1,750.00/head	1,400.00–1,925.00	1,750	3
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium 2	1,205	2,050.00/head	2,050.00–2,050.00	2,050	1
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1	1,211	1,571.00/head	1,075.00–2,050.00	1,571	10
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1	1,280	1,600.00/head	1,300.00–1,700.00	1,600	4
Replacement Cattle · Bred Cows5 lots · lightest first
Bred Cows	—	Medium 2	635	635.00/head	635.00–635.00	635	5
Bred Cows	—	Small 2	703	452.50/head	425.00–475.00	453	4
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1	955	1,529.17/head	1,200.00–1,725.00	1,529	6
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1	1,075	1,375.00/head	1,250.00–1,500.00	1,375	2
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1	1,093	1,400.00/head	1,400.00–1,400.00	1,400	2
Replacement Cattle · Stock Cows1 lot · lightest first
Stock Cows	—	Medium and Large 1	970	132.86/cwt	126.00–158.00	1,289	14

This sale against other markets

New Mexico weighted averages

One sale is one barn on one day. The state ladder is every New Mexico auction USDA reported that week, weighted by head — the fairer test of whether a lot sold well.

New Mexico feeder prices, every weight →Every state and region →

Roswell Livestock Auction - Roswell, NM

Mon Jun 26, 2023

USDA Livestock, Poultry & Grain Market News · Federal-State Market News Service, Portales, NM (LS-CV)

Feeder CattleReceipts 573Last week 890Year ago 1,390

Slaughter CattleReceipts 183Last week 187Year ago 221

Replacement CattleReceipts 150Last week 91Year ago 89

Feeder Cattle

As reported

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	493	207.00	207.00
2	—	415	247.00	247.00
1	—	620	200.00	200.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
5	—	667	200.00–214.00	205.71
5	—	329	290.00	290.00
18	—	421	252.00–260.00	257.55
10	—	262	285.00–288.00	286.17
4	—	521	224.00–240.00	232.27
4	—	610	224.00	224.00
9	—	369	245.00–267.00	254.35
17	—	485	227.00–245.00	237.61
2	—	770	183.00	183.00
3	—	920	150.00	150.00
7	—	554	222.00–228.00	223.73

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Small and Medium 3$ per head · estimate wt
2	—	410	475.00	475.00
2	—	315	350.00	350.00
1	—	215	325.00	325.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Small 3$ per head · estimate wt
1	—	285	300.00	300.00
6	—	467	85.00–180.00	118.79
3	—	337	204.00	204.00
3	—	298	208.00	208.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 2-3$ per cwt · actual wt
4	—	723	187.00	187.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	338	250.00	250.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1 · Value Added$ per cwt · actual wt
10	—	474	260.00–275.00	265.48

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
3	—	848	206.00	206.00
3	—	478	264.00	264.00
3	—	535	225.00	225.00
2	—	635	195.00	195.00
2	—	670	210.00	210.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	920	182.00	182.00
1	—	835	180.00	180.00
4	—	766	211.00	211.00
14	—	875	183.00–202.00	194.06
7	—	703	227.50	227.50
30	—	537	261.00–280.00	271.46
19	—	436	285.00–302.00	291.69
21	—	472	270.00–292.00	278.47
5	—	389	292.00–294.00	292.81
15	—	616	250.00–254.00	252.43
9	—	337	326.00–355.00	341.67
7	—	555	260.00–264.00	261.74
26	—	1,088	170.00	170.00
3	—	672	198.00	198.00
1	—	180	500.00	500.00
4	—	284	362.00	362.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1 · Value Added$ per cwt · actual wt
5	—	697	228.00	228.00
2	—	508	280.00	280.00
2	—	870	245.00	245.00
12	—	380	331.00–352.00	337.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Small 3$ per head · estimate wt
5	—	244	450.00	450.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Small and Medium 2$ per cwt · actual wt
8	—	477	282.00–289.00	287.26

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1 · Full$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	515	237.00	237.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	858	180.00	180.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	640	240.00	240.00
3	—	528	256.00	256.00
1	—	315	345.00	345.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
3	—	520	278.00	278.00
5	—	711	173.00	173.00
1	—	965	76.00	76.00
3	—	398	294.00	294.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Small and Medium 3$ per head · estimate wt
4	—	501	425.00	425.00
3	—	405	475.00	475.00
2	—	443	50.00	50.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
5	—	536	172.00	172.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Dairy Steers — Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	485	156.00	156.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Dairy Heifers — Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
6	—	723	160.00	160.00
3	—	437	162.00	162.00

Replacement Cattle

As reported

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1$ per head · estimate wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	N/A	2	—	1,350	2,800.00–3,100.00	2,950.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium 1-2$ per head · estimate wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	N/A	1	—	975	1,450.00	1,450.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cow-Calf Pairs — Medium and Large 1$ per head · estimate wt
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	Open	2	—	1,135	1,275.00–1,300.00	1,287.50
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	3	—	1,147	1,400.00–1,925.00	1,750.00
Aged (>8 yrs)	Open	4	—	1,280	1,300.00–1,700.00	1,600.00
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	Open	2	—	1,063	1,675.00–1,725.00	1,700.00
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	10	—	1,211	1,075.00–2,050.00	1,571.00
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	4	—	1,016	1,200.00–2,200.00	1,550.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cow-Calf Pairs — Medium 1-2$ per head · estimate wt
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	3	—	900	1,250.00–1,725.00	1,425.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cow-Calf Pairs — Medium 2$ per head · estimate wt
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	Open	1	—	1,205	2,050.00	2,050.00
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	2	—	915	725.00–800.00	762.50

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium and Large 1$ per head · estimate wt
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	2	—	1,093	1,400.00	1,400.00
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	2	—	1,075	1,250.00–1,500.00	1,375.00
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	6	—	955	1,200.00–1,725.00	1,529.17

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium 2$ per head · estimate wt
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	5	—	635	635.00	635.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Small 2$ per head · estimate wt
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	4	—	703	425.00–475.00	452.50

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Stock Cows — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · estimate wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	Open	14	—	970	126.00–158.00	132.86

Slaughter Cattle

As reported

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Boner 80-85% · Return to Feed$ per cwt · actual wt
25	—	1,247	94.50–103.00	99.73

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Boner 80-85%$ per cwt · actual wt
18	—	1,221	94.50–102.50	98.44
2	—	1,055	90.00	90.00
15	—	1,288	91.00–95.00	93.02
28	—	1,152	89.00–92.50	91.15

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Lean 85-90%$ per cwt · actual wt
7	—	1,093	69.00–78.00	72.40
6	—	1,154	85.00–90.00	87.55
16	—	1,028	79.00–86.00	82.82
15	—	923	52.00–66.00	61.92

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Breaker 75-80%$ per cwt · actual wt
3	—	1,253	102.50–106.00	103.88
4	—	1,228	100.00–111.00	106.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls$ per cwt · actual wt
12	—	1,411	103.00–115.00	111.09
3	—	1,330	86.00–98.00	91.74
18	—	1,659	116.00–130.00	123.18

Head, weight ranges, average weights and price ranges are exactly as USDA AMS filed them — nothing recomputed, nothing rounded — in USDA's own reporting structure. This is RaisedBeef's rendering of that data, not a copy of USDA's document.