Sale reports / West Virginia / Jackson County Regional Livestock Market / 2026-02-14

Jackson County Regional Livestock Market

Name: Jackson County Regional Livestock Market livestock auction prices — 2026-02-14
Creator: RaisedBeef
Published: 2026-02-14

Feeder Cattle · Slaughter Cattle · Replacement Cattle · Ripley, West Virginia · Sat, Feb 14

● Final103 lots reportedUSDA AMS · slug 1880

← Feb 7Feb 14Feb 21 →

Feeder Cattle receipts

289 head

▲ 279 vs last sale 10▲ 123 vs year ago 166 · +74.1%

Slaughter Cattle receipts

46 head

▲ 29 vs last sale 17▲ 26 vs year ago 20 · +130.0%

Replacement Cattle receipts

20 head

▲ 19 vs last sale 1▼ 9 vs year ago 29 · −31.0%

View

Weight class — the figures below change to match

Weight classPick one — the panels below update

Heifers · summary 500–600 lb

Weighted average of every reported lot

500–600 lb heifers averaged $409.49/cwt on 33 head. That ranks 20 of 25 comparable sales and sits +27.43 against this barn's trailing median of $382.07.

Average price

$409.49

33 head · 545 lb average

Value per head Derived

$2,231

Price × average weight ÷ 100

Grade differential Derived

$736

per head · Medium and Large 1 over Medium and Large 3-4

$149.05/cwt at this weight

vs the market

+2.47

vs WV average

−14.46 vs national

Price by quality 500–600 lb

Frame and muscle grade

Frame / muscle	Avg wt	$/cwt	$/head	Head
Medium and Large 1	543	421.55	2,289	26
Medium and Large 2	549	380.09	2,085	6thin
Medium and Large 3-4	570	272.50	1,553	1thin

One grade step is worth $149.05/cwt here — about $736 a head. Across this sale the premium is widest at 400–500 lb. USDA reports each grade on its own line and never publishes the spread.

How it compared 500–600 lb

Same class and week · spot auction only

This sale33 hd

409.49

—

WV average3 barns · 41 hd

407.03

+2.47

National average187 barns · 18,214 hd

423.95

−14.46

This barn, trailing median25 sales

382.07

+27.43

A barn can sit above the state average at one weight and below it at another — check the class you actually sell.

This barn's trailing prices 500–600 lb

25 sales

Heifers 500–600 lb: high $434.96, low $309.23, median $382.07 across 25 sales. Sales under 10 head in this class are excluded, so a thin day cannot swing the median or the ranking.

Slaughter cattle

By class and quality grade · $/cwt

Cull cows and bulls are graded, not weight-classed — grade is what moves the money here.

Class	Grade	Dressing	Avg wt	$/cwt	$/head	Head
Bulls	—	Average	1,724	172.73	2,978	6thin
Cows	Breaker 75-80%	Average	1,593	171.50	2,731	2thin
Cows	Boner 80-85%	Average	1,348	171.43	2,311	12
Cows	Lean 85-90%	Low	1,052	139.99	1,473	14
Dairy Steers	Select	Average	1,225	198.00	2,426	1thin
Dairy Steers	Standard	Average	953	179.29	1,709	2thin
Heifers	Choice	Average	1,185	232.00	2,749	1thin
Heifers	Select	Average	1,290	207.50	2,677	1thin
Heifers	Standard	Average	975	202.50	1,974	1thin
Steers	Choice	Average	1,307	230.97	3,019	3thin

Replacement cattle Per head

By class, stage and age

Bred stock and pairs are reported per head, not per hundredweight — these prices are never mixed with the $/cwt figures above.

Class	Stage	Age	Avg wt	$/head	Head
Bred Cows	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	1,010	$2,900	1thin
Bred Cows	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	Young (2-4 yrs)	1,290	$2,800	1thin
Bred Cows	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	Aged (>8 yrs)	1,245	$1,725	1thin
Cow-Calf Pairs	Open	Young (2-4 yrs)	865	$3,100	1thin
Cow-Calf Pairs	Open	Aged (>8 yrs)	1,095	$2,194	2thin
Cow-Calf Pairs	Open	Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	810	$1,500	1thin

Every lot

103 lots · USDA AMS · Jackson County Regional Livestock Market - Ripley, WV

Nothing removed and nothing rounded — the same lots as the USDA report, with per-head values added. Grouped by class and set lightest first; USDA files them in sale-ring order.

Class	Weight	Grade / description	Avg wt	Price	Range	Per head	Head
Feeder Cattle · Steers24 lots · lightest first
Steers	250–300	Medium and Large 1	295	590.00/cwt	590.00–590.00	1,741	1
Steers	300–350	Medium and Large 1	317	600.56/cwt	575.00–620.00	1,904	4
Steers	300–350	Medium and Large 2	330	485.00/cwt	485.00–485.00	1,601	1
Steers	350–400	Medium and Large 1	367	558.20/cwt	540.00–590.00	2,049	3
Steers	350–400	Medium and Large 2	395	490.00/cwt	490.00–490.00	1,936	1
Steers	400–450	Medium and Large 1	440	500.81/cwt	475.00–517.50	2,204	7
Steers	400–450	Medium and Large 2Value Added	440	492.70/cwt	475.00–510.00	2,168	2
Steers	400–450	Medium and Large 2	440	440.00/cwt	440.00–440.00	1,936	1
Steers	450–500	Medium and Large 1	459	483.41/cwt	465.00–505.00	2,219	6
Steers	450–500	Medium and Large 2Value Added	465	445.00/cwt	445.00–445.00	2,069	2
Steers	500–550	Medium and Large 2Value Added	521	461.13/cwt	425.00–500.00	2,402	4
Steers	500–550	Medium and Large 1	528	452.07/cwt	410.00–480.00	2,387	15
Steers	500–550	Medium and Large 2	533	418.35/cwt	415.00–425.00	2,230	3
Steers	550–600	Medium and Large 2Value Added	570	425.00/cwt	425.00–425.00	2,423	1
Steers	550–600	Medium and Large 1	572	433.96/cwt	425.00–462.50	2,482	6
Steers	600–650	Medium and Large 1	614	414.60/cwt	400.00–427.00	2,546	8
Steers	600–650	Medium and Large 2Value Added	626	411.99/cwt	408.00–420.00	2,579	3
Steers	600–650	Medium and Large 3-4	630	164.00/cwt	164.00–164.00	1,033	2
Steers	600–650	Medium and Large 2	645	340.00/cwt	340.00–340.00	2,193	1
Steers	650–700	Medium and Large 1	674	391.95/cwt	384.00–398.00	2,642	9
Steers	700–750	Medium and Large 1	721	364.05/cwt	345.00–374.00	2,625	6
Steers	750–800	Medium and Large 1	771	346.53/cwt	337.50–365.00	2,672	3
Steers	800–850	Medium and Large 1	835	344.14/cwt	340.00–352.50	2,874	3
Steers	900–950	Medium and Large 1	946	300.00/cwt	300.00–300.00	2,838	3
Feeder Cattle · Heifers30 lots · lightest first
Heifers	200–250	Medium and Large 2	238	475.05/cwt	470.00–480.00	1,131	2
Heifers	250–300	Medium and Large 1	295	500.00/cwt	500.00–500.00	1,475	1
Heifers	300–350	Medium and Large 2Value Added	327	555.00/cwt	555.00–555.00	1,815	2
Heifers	300–350	Medium and Large 2	333	444.44/cwt	430.00–460.00	1,480	2
Heifers	300–350	Medium and Large 1	335	517.84/cwt	495.00–540.00	1,735	2
Heifers	300–350	Medium and Large 3-4	335	310.00/cwt	310.00–310.00	1,039	1
Heifers	350–400	Medium and Large 2	360	390.00/cwt	390.00–390.00	1,404	2
Heifers	350–400	Medium and Large 1	379	500.11/cwt	475.00–540.00	1,895	8
Heifers	350–400	Medium and Large 2Value Added	380	502.01/cwt	490.00–515.00	1,908	2
Heifers	400–450	Medium and Large 2Value Added	416	494.30/cwt	465.00–505.00	2,056	4
Heifers	400–450	Medium and Large 3-4	418	181.27/cwt	150.00–230.00	758	3
Heifers	400–450	Medium and Large 1	422	469.05/cwt	430.00–490.00	1,979	13
Heifers	400–450	Medium and Large 2	422	433.42/cwt	420.00–445.00	1,829	3
Heifers	450–500	Medium and Large 2Value Added	455	442.50/cwt	442.50–442.50	2,013	1
Heifers	450–500	Medium and Large 1	466	438.97/cwt	400.00–485.00	2,046	14
Heifers	450–500	Medium and Large 2	480	376.92/cwt	330.00–417.50	1,809	3
Heifers	500–550	Medium and Large 1	523	430.47/cwt	400.00–450.00	2,251	16
Heifers	500–550	Medium and Large 2	530	377.52/cwt	360.00–397.50	2,001	3
Heifers	550–600	Medium and Large 2	567	382.65/cwt	372.50–400.00	2,170	3
Heifers	550–600	Medium and Large 3-4	570	272.50/cwt	272.50–272.50	1,553	1
Heifers	550–600	Medium and Large 1	575	407.27/cwt	370.00–429.00	2,342	10
Heifers	600–650	Medium and Large 1	617	386.59/cwt	375.00–394.00	2,385	6
Heifers	600–650	Medium and Large 2	623	302.42/cwt	270.00–325.00	1,884	4
Heifers	650–700	Medium and Large 1	660	365.73/cwt	332.50–390.00	2,414	3
Heifers	700–750	Medium and Large 2Value Added	705	355.00/cwt	355.00–355.00	2,503	1
Heifers	700–750	Medium and Large 2	710	283.42/cwt	260.00–307.50	2,012	2
Heifers	750–800	Medium and Large 1	750	322.50/cwt	322.50–322.50	2,419	1
Heifers	800–850	Medium and Large 1	815	281.00/cwt	267.50–295.00	2,290	2
Heifers	900–950	Medium and Large 1	905	270.00/cwt	270.00–270.00	2,444	1
Heifers	1000–1050	Medium and Large 1	1,020	235.00/cwt	235.00–235.00	2,397	1
Feeder Cattle · Bulls22 lots · lightest first
Bulls	200–250	Medium and Large 1	235	626.93/cwt	615.00–650.00	1,473	3
Bulls	250–300	Medium and Large 2	255	490.00/cwt	490.00–490.00	1,250	1
Bulls	300–350	Medium and Large 1	330	500.00/cwt	500.00–500.00	1,650	1
Bulls	300–350	Medium and Large 2	345	460.00/cwt	460.00–460.00	1,587	1
Bulls	350–400	Medium and Large 2	368	455.24/cwt	420.00–490.00	1,675	2
Bulls	350–400	Medium and Large 1	384	479.06/cwt	460.00–520.00	1,840	4
Bulls	400–450	Medium and Large 1	419	470.12/cwt	455.00–487.50	1,970	7
Bulls	400–450	Medium and Large 2	440	422.50/cwt	420.00–425.00	1,859	2
Bulls	450–500	Medium and Large 3-4	450	265.00/cwt	265.00–265.00	1,193	2
Bulls	450–500	Medium and Large 1	493	453.24/cwt	447.50–465.00	2,234	3
Bulls	500–550	Medium and Large 2	505	375.00/cwt	335.00–415.00	1,894	2
Bulls	500–550	Medium and Large 1	528	416.34/cwt	395.00–460.00	2,198	3
Bulls	550–600	Medium and Large 1	555	415.06/cwt	400.00–422.50	2,304	3
Bulls	550–600	Medium and Large 2	572	367.55/cwt	362.50–375.00	2,102	5
Bulls	600–650	Medium and Large 1	623	387.43/cwt	385.00–395.00	2,414	4
Bulls	600–650	Medium and Large 2	627	327.67/cwt	302.50–390.00	2,054	5
Bulls	650–700	Medium and Large 2	655	307.50/cwt	307.50–307.50	2,014	1
Bulls	650–700	Medium and Large 1	685	351.09/cwt	335.00–375.00	2,405	4
Bulls	700–750	Medium and Large 1	730	345.00/cwt	345.00–345.00	2,519	1
Bulls	750–800	Medium and Large 1	778	342.54/cwt	330.00–355.00	2,665	2
Bulls	950–1000	Medium and Large 1	960	235.00/cwt	235.00–235.00	2,256	1
Bulls	1000–1050	Medium and Large 1	1,010	238.00/cwt	238.00–238.00	2,404	1
Slaughter Cattle · Steers1 lot · lightest first
Steers	—	Choice	1,307	230.97/cwt	230.00–232.00	3,019	3
Slaughter Cattle · Heifers3 lots · lightest first
Heifers	—	Standard	975	202.50/cwt	202.50–202.50	1,974	1
Heifers	—	Choice	1,185	232.00/cwt	232.00–232.00	2,749	1
Heifers	—	Select	1,290	207.50/cwt	207.50–207.50	2,677	1
Slaughter Cattle · Bulls2 lots · lightest first
Bulls	—	—	1,385	146.00/cwt	146.00–146.00	2,022	1
Bulls	—	—	1,792	178.07/cwt	162.00–192.00	3,191	5
Slaughter Cattle · Cows10 lots · lightest first
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	977	117.92/cwt	113.00–122.00	1,152	3
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%Return to Feed	985	150.00/cwt	150.00–150.00	1,478	1
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	1,037	139.14/cwt	133.00–150.00	1,443	8
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%Return to Feed	1,155	175.00/cwt	175.00–175.00	2,021	1
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	1,311	167.00/cwt	156.00–170.00	2,189	7
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	1,360	168.00/cwt	168.00–168.00	2,285	1
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	1,384	179.03/cwt	175.00–189.00	2,478	4
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%Return to Feed	1,465	172.00/cwt	172.00–172.00	2,520	1
Cows	—	Breaker 75-80%	1,500	188.00/cwt	188.00–188.00	2,820	1
Cows	—	Breaker 75-80%	1,685	155.00/cwt	155.00–155.00	2,612	1
Slaughter Cattle · Dairy Steers2 lots · lightest first
Dairy Steers	—	Standard	953	179.29/cwt	170.00–190.00	1,709	2
Dairy Steers	—	Select	1,225	198.00/cwt	198.00–198.00	2,426	1
Replacement Cattle · Stock Cows3 lots · lightest first
Stock Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	918	133.02/cwt	127.00–137.00	1,221	2
Stock Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	940	229.00/cwt	229.00–229.00	2,153	1
Stock Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	958	157.37/cwt	127.00–172.00	1,508	4
Replacement Cattle · Bred Cows3 lots · lightest first
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,010	2,900.00/head	2,900.00–2,900.00	2,900	1
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,245	1,725.00/head	1,725.00–1,725.00	1,725	1
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,290	2,800.00/head	2,800.00–2,800.00	2,800	1
Replacement Cattle · Cow-Calf Pairs3 lots · lightest first
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1-2	810	1,500.00/head	1,500.00–1,500.00	1,500	1
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1-2	865	3,100.00/head	3,100.00–3,100.00	3,100	1
Cow-Calf Pairs	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,095	2,194.29/head	1,950.00–2,450.00	2,194	2

This sale against other markets

West Virginia weighted averages

One sale is one barn on one day. The state ladder is every West Virginia auction USDA reported that week, weighted by head — the fairer test of whether a lot sold well.

West Virginia feeder prices, every weight →Every state and region →

Jackson County Regional Livestock Market - Ripley, WV

Sat Feb 14, 2026

USDA Livestock, Poultry & Grain Market News · Federal-State Market News Service, Charleston, WV (LS-CW)

Feeder CattleReceipts 289Last week 10Year ago 166

Slaughter CattleReceipts 46Last week 17Year ago 20

Replacement CattleReceipts 20Last week 1Year ago 29

Feeder Cattle

As reported

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
1	250–300	295	500.00	500.00
2	300–350	335	495.00–540.00	517.84
8	350–400	379	475.00–540.00	500.11
13	400–450	422	430.00–490.00	469.05
14	450–500	466	400.00–485.00	438.97
16	500–550	523	400.00–450.00	430.47
10	550–600	575	370.00–429.00	407.27
6	600–650	617	375.00–394.00	386.59
3	650–700	660	332.50–390.00	365.73
1	750–800	750	322.50	322.50
2	800–850	815	267.50–295.00	281.00
1	900–950	905	270.00	270.00
1	1000–1050	1,020	235.00	235.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 2 · Value Added$ per cwt · actual wt
2	300–350	327	555.00	555.00
2	350–400	380	490.00–515.00	502.01
4	400–450	416	465.00–505.00	494.30
1	450–500	455	442.50	442.50
1	700–750	705	355.00	355.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
2	200–250	238	470.00–480.00	475.05
2	300–350	333	430.00–460.00	444.44
2	350–400	360	390.00	390.00
3	400–450	422	420.00–445.00	433.42
3	450–500	480	330.00–417.50	376.92
3	500–550	530	360.00–397.50	377.52
3	550–600	567	372.50–400.00	382.65
4	600–650	623	270.00–325.00	302.42
2	700–750	710	260.00–307.50	283.42

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 3-4$ per cwt · actual wt
1	300–350	335	310.00	310.00
3	400–450	418	150.00–230.00	181.27
1	550–600	570	272.50	272.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
1	250–300	295	590.00	590.00
4	300–350	317	575.00–620.00	600.56
3	350–400	367	540.00–590.00	558.20
7	400–450	440	475.00–517.50	500.81
6	450–500	459	465.00–505.00	483.41
15	500–550	528	410.00–480.00	452.07
6	550–600	572	425.00–462.50	433.96
8	600–650	614	400.00–427.00	414.60
9	650–700	674	384.00–398.00	391.95
6	700–750	721	345.00–374.00	364.05
3	750–800	771	337.50–365.00	346.53
3	800–850	835	340.00–352.50	344.14
3	900–950	946	300.00	300.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 2 · Value Added$ per cwt · actual wt
2	400–450	440	475.00–510.00	492.70
2	450–500	465	445.00	445.00
4	500–550	521	425.00–500.00	461.13
1	550–600	570	425.00	425.00
3	600–650	626	408.00–420.00	411.99

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	300–350	330	485.00	485.00
1	350–400	395	490.00	490.00
1	400–450	440	440.00	440.00
3	500–550	533	415.00–425.00	418.35
1	600–650	645	340.00	340.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 3-4$ per cwt · actual wt
2	600–650	630	164.00	164.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
3	200–250	235	615.00–650.00	626.93
1	300–350	330	500.00	500.00
4	350–400	384	460.00–520.00	479.06
7	400–450	419	455.00–487.50	470.12
3	450–500	493	447.50–465.00	453.24
3	500–550	528	395.00–460.00	416.34
3	550–600	555	400.00–422.50	415.06
4	600–650	623	385.00–395.00	387.43
4	650–700	685	335.00–375.00	351.09
1	700–750	730	345.00	345.00
2	750–800	778	330.00–355.00	342.54
1	950–1000	960	235.00	235.00
1	1000–1050	1,010	238.00	238.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 3-4$ per cwt · actual wt
2	450–500	450	265.00	265.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	250–300	255	490.00	490.00
1	300–350	345	460.00	460.00
2	350–400	368	420.00–490.00	455.24
2	400–450	440	420.00–425.00	422.50
2	500–550	505	335.00–415.00	375.00
5	550–600	572	362.50–375.00	367.55
5	600–650	627	302.50–390.00	327.67
1	650–700	655	307.50	307.50

Slaughter Cattle

As reported

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Lean 85-90%$ per cwt · actual wt
3	—	977	113.00–122.00	117.92
1	—	1,360	168.00	168.00
8	—	1,037	133.00–150.00	139.14

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Breaker 75-80%$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	1,685	155.00	155.00
1	—	1,500	188.00	188.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Boner 80-85%$ per cwt · actual wt
7	—	1,311	156.00–170.00	167.00
4	—	1,384	175.00–189.00	179.03

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Lean 85-90% · Return to Feed$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	985	150.00	150.00
1	—	1,155	175.00	175.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Boner 80-85% · Return to Feed$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	1,465	172.00	172.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Dairy Steers — Select$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	1,225	198.00	198.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Dairy Steers — Standard$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	953	170.00–190.00	179.29

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Choice$ per cwt · actual wt
3	—	1,307	230.00–232.00	230.97

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Standard$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	975	202.50	202.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Select$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	1,290	207.50	207.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Choice$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	1,185	232.00	232.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls$ per cwt · actual wt
5	—	1,792	162.00–192.00	178.07
1	—	1,385	146.00	146.00

Replacement Cattle

As reported

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Stock Cows — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
Aged (>8 yrs)	Open	2	—	918	127.00–137.00	133.02
Young (2-4 yrs)	Open	1	—	940	229.00	229.00
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	Open	4	—	958	127.00–172.00	157.37

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium and Large 1-2$ per head · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	1	—	1,290	2,800.00	2,800.00
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	1	—	1,010	2,900.00	2,900.00
Aged (>8 yrs)	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	1	—	1,245	1,725.00	1,725.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cow-Calf Pairs — Medium and Large 1-2$ per head · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	Open	1	—	865	3,100.00	3,100.00
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	Open	1	—	810	1,500.00	1,500.00
Aged (>8 yrs)	Open	2	—	1,095	1,950.00–2,450.00	2,194.29

Head, weight ranges, average weights and price ranges are exactly as USDA AMS filed them — nothing recomputed, nothing rounded — in USDA's own reporting structure. This is RaisedBeef's rendering of that data, not a copy of USDA's document.