State summaries / Montana / Montana Weekly Livestock Auction Summary / 2026-10-12

Montana Weekly Livestock Auction Summary

Montana · Weekly summary · Mon, Oct 12

● As filed203 lines reportedUSDA AMS · slug 1778

State summary

Counts as USDA filed them

Montana reported 203 priced lines covering 10,186 head across feeder cattle, slaughter cattle, replacement cattle. USDA puts feeder cattle receipts at 9,209 head. slaughter cattle receipts at 1,845 head. replacement cattle receipts at 792 head. Counted as USDA files them — 17 of those are cow-calf pairs, each counted once.

Montana Weekly Livestock Auction Summary

Mon Oct 12, 2026

USDA Livestock, Poultry & Grain Market News · Federal-State Market News Service, Billings, MT (LS-BL)

Feeder CattleReceipts 9,209Last week 7,559Year ago 9,382

Slaughter CattleReceipts 1,845Last week 1,282Year ago 1,318

Replacement CattleReceipts 792Last week 445Year ago 958

Compared to last week: Yearling steers and heifers were both too lightly tested to develop any market trend. Steer calves under 350 lbs were too lightly tested to develop an accurate market trend, however higher to sharply higher undertones were noticed. 350-449 lbs steers sold mostly 15.00-20.00 higher; 450-499 lbs sold mostly steady to 8.00 higher; 500-699 lbs steers sold fully steady; steers over 700 lbs not well compared. Heifer calves under 400 lbs were too lightly tested to develop an accurate market trend, however steady to higher undertones were noticed. 400-449 lbs heifers sold 15.00-20.00 higher, 450-649 lbs heifers sold mostly 5.00 higher, heifers over 650 lbs were not well compared. Quality this week was mixed, but mostly average to attractive. Many cutback cattle were seen off summer videos this sale. Some of these cattle looked stale after last weeks rain and snow storm and were discounted as a result. Canadian buyers all struggled with trucking logistics this week as many report trucking is very tight. Several buyers filled loads and exited the market early which led to wide price spreads again this week. Light weight steers and heifers destined for western grass sold on very good demand this week. Buyers have started CME positions were mostly steady this week. The October contract closed Friday at 343.625, 0.225 lower than last Fridays close. The November contact close Friday at 341.90, 0.05 lower than last Fridays close. The January contract closed at 338.275, 1.925 higher than last Fridays close. Market activity was mostly active with a moderate crowd of buyers noticed at all feeder specials. Weigh up cows sold on mostly moderate demand for moderate offerings. Demand for feeding cows was stronger again this week as American packers and Canadian feeders both showed good demand for high quality cows to feed. Private feeders were active again this week as well. Many private feeders were willing to take lame or blemished cows to feed. Feeding cows sold mostly 5.00 higher on breaking cows, boning and lean cows sold steady to 2.00 higher. A large pool of feeding cow buyers was seen this week. Slaughter cows sold on light demand this week. The quality and yield of cows destined for immediate harvest is very low as feeding buyers continue to buy cows away from packers. Breaking cows sold steady to 2.00 higher, boning cows sold fully steady and lean cows sold steady to 2.00 lower on a lower yielding offering. Slaughter bulls sold 3.00-4.00 higher on a slightly higher yielding offering. Bulls have started to regain some condition lost during breeding season as late fall rains have greened pasture and range conditions. Yields have improved as a result. Young age offerings sold on good to very good demand. Young age offerings sold mostly steady on like quality offerings. Quality this week was not as attractive as last weeks offering.

Feeder Cattle

As reported

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
1	300–350	335	620.00	620.00
3	500–550	527	416.00	416.00
2	600–650	635	345.00	345.00
24	650–700	667	368.00	368.00
3	700–750	720	324.00	324.00
3	800–850	840	309.00	309.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1-2 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
3	350–400	392	472.50	472.50
2	400–450	448	432.50	432.50
1	450–500	470	370.00	370.00
3	500–550	507	360.00	360.00
5	550–600	577	332.50–342.50	336.44
1	650–700	665	340.00	340.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	1150–1200	1,160	225.00	225.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
8	700–750	749	307.50	307.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1 · Full$ per cwt · actual wt
9	850–900	871	300.00	300.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
19	250–300	270	650.00–690.00	685.70
34	300–350	323	575.00–625.00	609.84
188	350–400	370	540.00–640.00	581.63
372	400–450	429	492.50–562.50	524.97
490	450–500	476	475.00–522.50	494.87
659	500–550	526	432.50–490.00	455.21
747	550–600	574	401.00–445.50	424.16
593	600–650	623	380.00–412.50	401.15
220	650–700	664	369.00–395.00	384.31
57	700–750	717	351.00–369.00	360.07
46	750–800	754	344.00–366.00	361.19

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1-2 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
21	200–250	240	645.00–655.00	646.17
13	250–300	282	600.00–640.00	620.58
29	300–350	334	537.50–615.00	585.85
25	350–400	375	510.00–555.00	535.01
94	400–450	432	450.00–530.00	498.82
111	450–500	487	450.00–485.00	460.24
147	500–550	535	402.00–448.00	425.14
117	550–600	577	352.50–405.00	391.61
121	600–650	636	355.00–392.00	374.77
49	650–700	673	321.00–370.00	358.72
8	700–750	730	355.00	355.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
14	500–550	544	405.00	405.00
5	600–650	611	340.00	340.00
2	700–750	738	360.00	360.00
15	850–900	882	316.00–330.00	324.54
5	950–1000	991	307.50	307.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1 · Fancy$ per cwt · actual wt
4	700–750	715	385.00–387.00	385.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1 · Fleshy$ per cwt · actual wt
11	800–850	814	331.00	331.00
15	850–900	897	317.50	317.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Large 1-2 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
10	350–400	358	550.00	550.00
19	400–450	438	427.00	427.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
25	450–500	462	500.00	500.00
78	550–600	553	436.00	436.00
19	800–850	801	354.25	354.25
27	900–950	905	330.00–333.00	330.23

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium 1 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
6	350–400	387	550.00	550.00
6	400–450	447	462.50	462.50
24	500–550	523	385.00–427.50	394.02
20	550–600	583	360.00–390.00	378.85
3	600–650	638	367.00	367.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium 2 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
4	300–350	334	385.00	385.00
20	350–400	359	350.00–400.00	367.28

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 2 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
8	250–300	286	540.00–555.00	550.71
9	300–350	328	460.00–520.00	503.15
38	350–400	385	360.00–470.00	453.07
122	400–450	422	412.50–445.00	441.37
7	450–500	482	440.00–447.50	445.43
1	500–550	500	400.00	400.00
5	550–600	592	352.50–365.00	360.06

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
3	600–650	637	370.00	370.00
11	650–700	696	340.00	340.00
2	700–750	738	335.00	335.00
8	750–800	781	330.00–338.00	331.93

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium 1$ per cwt · actual wt
10	750–800	779	335.00–337.50	336.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
5	650–700	664	347.50	347.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Large 1 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
10	400–450	422	492.50	492.50
4	450–500	455	490.00	490.00
99	500–550	537	426.00	426.00
7	700–750	737	345.00–352.50	350.40

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1 · Full$ per cwt · actual wt
17	650–700	671	365.00	365.00
7	700–750	727	353.00	353.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
1	250–300	290	640.00	640.00
33	300–350	326	520.00–535.00	528.95
137	350–400	373	470.00–530.00	494.70
241	400–450	422	450.00–515.00	487.57
577	450–500	472	419.00–460.00	436.29
401	500–550	525	375.00–428.00	405.16
238	550–600	573	350.00–392.50	384.91
96	600–650	620	357.50–380.00	369.04
42	650–700	658	340.00–352.00	345.60
17	700–750	700	339.00	339.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
10	750–800	755	343.00	343.00
48	800–850	832	318.00–321.00	319.05
61	850–900	876	301.00–310.00	302.74
22	900–950	914	292.00–301.00	296.61
13	950–1000	976	292.50	292.50
17	1000–1050	1,029	280.50–295.00	285.86

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium 2 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
4	350–400	386	360.00	360.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 2 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
15	300–350	320	435.00	435.00
148	350–400	387	400.00–416.00	403.81

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1-2 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
8	150–200	164	500.00	500.00
18	200–250	227	605.00	605.00
17	250–300	286	500.00–525.00	509.23
32	300–350	331	442.50–520.00	466.02
103	350–400	384	450.00–485.00	472.23
86	400–450	433	415.00–460.00	433.33
54	450–500	481	367.50–410.00	392.04
72	500–550	532	352.50–393.00	376.95
60	550–600	566	320.00–370.00	346.45
2	650–700	670	337.00	337.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Large 1 · Fancy$ per cwt · actual wt
6	1100–1150	1,113	290.00	290.00
2	1150–1200	1,155	292.00	292.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1 · Fancy$ per cwt · actual wt
26	500–550	500	435.00	435.00
23	550–600	556	401.00	401.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1 · Fleshy$ per cwt · actual wt
6	650–700	664	325.00	325.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Large 1-2 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
7	300–350	326	430.00	430.00
5	400–450	422	410.00	410.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
17	650–700	682	340.00–342.00	340.67

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1 · Full$ per cwt · actual wt
11	650–700	657	320.00	320.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
5	500–550	549	340.00	340.00
7	700–750	700	305.00	305.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Large 1 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
4	400–450	403	470.00	470.00
4	500–550	509	400.00	400.00
5	550–600	589	347.50	347.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1 · Replacement$ per cwt · actual wt
105	500–550	545	427.50	427.50
31	550–600	589	382.50	382.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
17	500–550	512	382.00	382.00
7	700–750	704	325.00–330.00	328.57
2	800–850	808	307.00–310.00	308.49
2	850–900	858	305.00	305.00
2	1000–1050	1,025	276.00	276.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium 1$ per cwt · actual wt
22	650–700	650	331.00	331.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium 1 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
3	350–400	397	465.00	465.00
3	400–450	447	403.00	403.00
20	500–550	523	342.50–380.00	353.71

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium 1 · Full$ per cwt · actual wt
5	600–650	641	300.00	300.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
16	1050–1100	1,091	257.50–280.00	266.78
4	1100–1150	1,121	261.00	261.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium 1-2 · Unweaned$ per cwt · actual wt
3	400–450	423	350.00	350.00

Slaughter Cattle

As reported

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Boner 80-85% · Return to Feed$ per cwt · actual wt
37	—	1,364	147.00–156.00	152.05
120	—	1,394	112.50–141.00	128.21
302	—	1,377	137.50–152.00	146.10

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Lean 85-90%$ per cwt · actual wt
132	—	1,212	90.00–116.00	106.87
11	—	1,177	116.00–127.50	118.25
19	—	1,151	80.00–97.50	90.09

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Lean 85-90% · Light Weight$ per cwt · actual wt
5	—	872	104.00–107.50	105.54
9	—	914	95.00–105.00	100.83
6	—	913	70.00–90.00	84.80

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Lean 85-90% · Return to Feed$ per cwt · actual wt
237	—	1,135	114.50–137.50	129.59
333	—	1,190	136.00–149.50	144.46
18	—	1,068	148.00–155.00	151.36

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Breaker 75-80%$ per cwt · actual wt
19	—	1,798	127.00–135.00	132.12
1	—	1,680	110.00	110.00
23	—	1,696	112.50–129.00	121.09

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Breaker 75-80% · Return to Feed$ per cwt · actual wt
14	—	1,669	125.00–138.00	133.19
39	—	1,565	149.00–154.00	150.22
51	—	1,558	137.00–150.00	146.04

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Boner 80-85%$ per cwt · actual wt
75	—	1,374	95.00–116.00	109.78
28	—	1,412	117.00–128.00	121.21
3	—	1,538	128.00–136.00	130.63

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Light Weight$ per cwt · actual wt
4	—	1,353	145.00–155.00	150.19

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Return to Feed$ per cwt · actual wt
16	—	1,752	161.00–172.50	169.12
21	—	1,644	172.00–183.00	177.14

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	1,940	185.00–192.00	188.38
1	—	2,450	175.00	175.00
1	—	2,330	179.00	179.00
19	—	1,970	175.00–186.00	179.69
16	—	1,864	161.00–176.00	168.39

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Dairy Cows — Boner 80-85%$ per cwt · actual wt
12	—	1,505	110.00–112.00	111.83

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Dairy Cows — Lean 85-90%$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	1,663	97.50	97.50

Replacement Cattle

As reported

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Stock Cows — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	24	—	1,181	143.50–217.50	163.54
Middle Aged/Aged (>5 yrs)	Open	33	—	1,371	150.00–172.00	162.18
(<2 yrs)	Open	131	—	979	225.00–324.00	286.76
Young (2-4 yrs)	Open	96	—	1,121	165.00–282.50	230.73

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Stock Cows — Medium and Large 1 · Fleshy$ per cwt · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	Open	7	—	1,380	161.00–171.00	162.82
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	8	—	1,467	145.00–149.00	148.04

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Stock Cows — Medium and Large 1 · Thin Fleshed$ per cwt · actual wt
Aged (>8 yrs)	Open	8	—	1,201	131.00	131.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Stock Cows — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	Open	7	—	938	165.00–185.00	176.36

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Stock Cows — Medium 1$ per cwt · actual wt
(<2 yrs)	Open	7	—	854	272.50–300.00	277.17

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Stock Cows — Medium 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
(<2 yrs)	Open	1	—	885	255.00	255.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Stock Cows — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
(<2 yrs)	Open	24	—	922	193.00–300.00	254.60
Young (2-4 yrs)	Open	57	—	1,073	155.00–282.50	210.54
Young/Middle Aged (2-8 yrs)	Open	9	—	1,014	157.00–250.00	224.35

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium and Large 1$ per head · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	4	—	1,279	2,950.00–3,300.00	3,046.12
Young (2-4 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	18	—	1,234	2,850.00–3,650.00	3,390.34
Middle Aged/Aged (>5 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	37	—	1,402	2,150.00–2,625.00	2,564.68
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	1	—	1,440	2,750.00	2,750.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium and Large 1-2$ per head · actual wt
Middle Aged/Aged (>5 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	8	—	1,150	1,700.00–2,200.00	1,981.30
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	2	—	1,415	2,150.00	2,150.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium and Large 1 · Broken Mouth$ per head · actual wt
Aged (>8 yrs)	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	8	—	1,526	2,425.00	2,425.00
Aged (>8 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	5	—	1,377	2,050.00	2,050.00
Aged (>8 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	84	—	1,311	2,100.00–2,400.00	2,322.05

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium 1 · Broken Mouth$ per head · actual wt
Aged (>8 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	9	—	1,142	2,050.00	2,050.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium and Large 1-2 · Broken Mouth$ per head · actual wt
Aged (>8 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	8	—	1,266	1,700.00–2,200.00	1,942.57
Aged (>8 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	12	—	1,188	1,650.00–1,800.00	1,748.29

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium 1$ per head · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	5	—	1,006	2,750.00	2,750.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium and Large 1-2 · Thin Fleshed$ per head · actual wt
Aged (>8 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	2	—	1,213	1,800.00	1,800.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium and Large 1 · Fleshy$ per head · actual wt
Middle Aged/Aged (>5 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	2	—	1,680	2,150.00	2,150.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Heifers — Medium 1$ per head · actual wt
(<2 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	11	—	927	3,000.00–3,160.00	3,098.90

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Heifers — Medium and Large 1$ per head · actual wt
(<2 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	42	—	1,048	3,375.00–3,525.00	3,515.99

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Open Heifers — Medium and Large 1 · Fleshy$ per cwt · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	N/A	1	—	1,355	175.00	175.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Open Heifers — Medium 1$ per cwt · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	N/A	2	—	803	235.00–270.00	254.08

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Open Heifers — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	N/A	1	—	1,380	202.50	202.50

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Open Heifers — Medium and Large 1$ per cwt · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	N/A	38	—	1,123	214.00–310.00	257.97

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Open Heifers — Medium and Large 1 · Fancy$ per cwt · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	N/A	4	—	1,365	260.00–270.00	264.78

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cow-Calf Pairs — Medium and Large 1$ per head · actual wt
Middle Aged/Aged (>5 yrs)	1st/2nd Stage (1-6 mo)	8	—	1,531	3,900.00	3,900.00
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	9	—	1,563	4,300.00	4,300.00

Head, weight ranges, average weights and price ranges are exactly as USDA AMS filed them — nothing recomputed, nothing rounded — in USDA's own reporting structure. This is RaisedBeef's rendering of that data, not a copy of USDA's document.

Source: USDA AMS, as filed — nothing recomputed and nothing rounded. This summary aggregates the same sales the Montana barn reports cover, so it must never be added to a state total built from those barns.