Sale reports / North Carolina / Norwood Livestock Auction / 2020-08-26

Norwood Livestock Auction

Name: Norwood Livestock Auction livestock auction prices — 2020-08-26
Creator: RaisedBeef
Published: 2020-08-26

Feeder Cattle · Slaughter Cattle · Replacement Cattle · Norwood, North Carolina · Wed, Aug 26

● Final124 lots reportedUSDA AMS · slug 2093

← Aug 19Aug 26Sep 2 →

Feeder Cattle receipts

494 head

▼ 64 vs last sale 558▼ 391 vs year ago 885 · −44.2%

Slaughter Cattle receipts

148 head

▲ 37 vs last sale 111▼ 12 vs year ago 160 · −7.5%

Replacement Cattle receipts

20 head

▲ 10 vs last sale 10▼ 5 vs year ago 25 · −20.0%

View

Reporter comment USDA

As filed

Compared to last week, slaughter cattle were 2 to 3 higher. Feeder cattle were mostly steady. Demand was moderate; market activity and buyer interest was moderate. Offerings of cattle were moderate. Cattle quality was average. 1 goat

Weight class — the figures below change to match

Weight classPick one — the panels below update

Heifers · summary 0–100 lb

Weighted average of every reported lot

0–100 lb heifers averaged $116.47/cwt on 182 head.

Average price

$116.47

182 head · 497 lb average

Value per head Derived

$579

Price × average weight ÷ 100

Grade differential Derived

$131

per head · Medium and Large 1-2 over Medium and Large 3

$21.99/cwt at this weight

vs the market

+0.15

vs NC average

Price by quality 0–100 lb

Frame and muscle grade

Frame / muscle	Avg wt	$/cwt	$/head	Head
Medium and Large 1-2	506	123.79	626	71
Medium 2	465	121.00	563	1thin
Medium and Large 2	468	118.57	555	57
Small 2	630	112.50	709	1thin
Small 1-2	536	105.86	568	30
Medium and Large 3	487	101.80	495	22

One grade step is worth $21.99/cwt here — about $131 a head. Across this sale the premium is widest at 0–100 lb. USDA reports each grade on its own line and never publishes the spread.

How it compared 0–100 lb

Same class and week · spot auction only

This sale182 hd

116.47

—

NC average8 barns · 1,068 hd

116.32

+0.15

A barn can sit above the state average at one weight and below it at another — check the class you actually sell.

Slaughter cattle

By class and quality grade · $/cwt

Cull cows and bulls are graded, not weight-classed — grade is what moves the money here.

Class	Grade	Dressing	Avg wt	$/cwt	$/head	Head
Bulls	—	Low	1,427	85.13	1,215	11
Cows	Breaker 75-80%	Low	1,394	61.19	853	14
Cows	Boner 80-85%	Low	1,067	61.16	653	74
Cows	Lean 85-90%	Average	924	46.65	431	40

Every lot

124 lots · USDA AMS · Stanly County Livestock Market - Norwood, NC

Nothing removed and nothing rounded — the same lots as the USDA report, with per-head values added. Grouped by class and set lightest first; USDA files them in sale-ring order.

Class	Weight	Grade / description	Avg wt	Price	Range	Per head	Head
Feeder Cattle · Steers37 lots · lightest first
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	185	137.50/cwt	137.50–137.50	254	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	228	145.82/cwt	140.00–150.00	332	3
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	240	132.50/cwt	132.50–132.50	318	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	255	150.00/cwt	150.00–150.00	383	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	270	133.96/cwt	130.00–137.50	362	2
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	324	145.18/cwt	137.50–160.00	470	9
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	328	129.85/cwt	117.50–137.50	426	6
Steers	—	Small 1-2	345	102.50/cwt	102.50–102.50	354	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 3	372	104.48/cwt	95.00–115.00	389	3
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	373	146.68/cwt	140.00–157.50	547	4
Steers	—	Small 1-2Fleshy	375	90.00/cwt	90.00–90.00	338	1
Steers	—	Small 1-2	378	110.00/cwt	110.00–110.00	416	2
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	391	133.74/cwt	130.00–135.00	523	4
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	422	145.21/cwt	136.00–155.00	613	15
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	435	127.50/cwt	127.50–127.50	555	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	468	120.87/cwt	115.00–130.00	566	3
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	471	143.56/cwt	135.00–149.00	676	8
Steers	—	Small 1-2	480	105.00/cwt	105.00–105.00	504	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	521	141.43/cwt	134.00–145.00	737	13
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	525	128.06/cwt	120.00–132.00	672	4
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2Fleshy	545	132.00/cwt	132.00–132.00	719	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2Fleshy	570	130.00/cwt	130.00–130.00	741	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	572	137.71/cwt	134.00–140.00	788	10
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	593	126.99/cwt	124.00–130.00	753	3
Steers	—	Medium and Large 3	613	102.90/cwt	95.00–111.00	631	2
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	629	133.16/cwt	129.00–136.00	838	13
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	650	125.00/cwt	125.00–125.00	813	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	653	131.50/cwt	131.00–132.00	859	4
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2Fleshy	680	126.00/cwt	126.00–126.00	857	1
Steers	—	Small 1-2	690	105.00/cwt	105.00–105.00	725	1
Steers	—	Small 1-2	705	100.00/cwt	100.00–100.00	705	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	718	123.04/cwt	120.00–125.00	883	3
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	720	114.00/cwt	114.00–114.00	821	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 3	740	100.00/cwt	100.00–100.00	740	1
Steers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	755	122.50/cwt	122.00–123.00	925	2
Steers	—	Medium and Large 2	773	110.68/cwt	109.00–112.00	856	3
Steers	—	Small 1-2	860	101.00/cwt	101.00–101.00	869	1
Feeder Cattle · Heifers41 lots · lightest first
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	190	130.00/cwt	130.00–130.00	247	1
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 2	278	123.76/cwt	117.50–127.50	344	4
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 2	325	121.49/cwt	112.50–126.00	395	6
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 3	330	102.50/cwt	102.50–102.50	338	1
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	335	130.00/cwt	130.00–130.00	436	1
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 2	379	116.72/cwt	113.00–125.00	442	6
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 3	379	105.16/cwt	92.50–110.00	399	5
Heifers	—	Small 1-2	380	111.25/cwt	110.00–112.50	423	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	382	130.82/cwt	130.00–132.00	500	5
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 3Thin Fleshed	405	90.00/cwt	90.00–90.00	365	2
Heifers	—	Small 1-2	416	106.37/cwt	100.00–110.00	442	4
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 2	422	118.86/cwt	114.00–124.00	502	6
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 3	423	104.23/cwt	100.00–107.50	441	3
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	424	130.38/cwt	126.00–133.00	553	10
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 3	455	106.00/cwt	100.00–112.00	482	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2Fleshy	460	123.00/cwt	123.00–123.00	566	1
Heifers	—	Medium 2	465	121.00/cwt	121.00–121.00	563	1
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 2	468	122.01/cwt	112.00–151.00	571	16
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	470	126.10/cwt	124.00–129.00	593	11
Heifers	—	Small 1-2	472	108.58/cwt	103.00–110.00	512	5
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 3	505	102.48/cwt	100.00–105.00	518	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	518	122.39/cwt	118.00–126.00	634	19
Heifers	—	Small 1-2	523	104.91/cwt	102.50–107.00	549	5
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 2	524	114.99/cwt	112.00–117.00	603	5
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2Fleshy	525	114.49/cwt	113.00–115.00	601	4
Heifers	—	Small 1-2Fleshy	533	91.01/cwt	90.00–92.00	485	2
Heifers	—	Small 1-2	568	109.27/cwt	106.00–111.00	621	3
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 3	575	103.35/cwt	95.00–112.00	594	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 2	576	114.97/cwt	112.00–117.00	662	7
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	578	120.36/cwt	117.00–126.00	696	8
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 3	615	99.46/cwt	95.00–104.00	612	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 2	618	113.50/cwt	113.00–114.00	701	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	625	118.51/cwt	116.00–121.00	741	6
Heifers	—	Small 2	630	112.50/cwt	112.50–112.50	709	1
Heifers	—	Small 1-2	639	107.71/cwt	104.00–112.00	688	4
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 1-2	657	120.80/cwt	118.00–121.50	794	5
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 2	665	112.52/cwt	109.00–114.00	748	4
Heifers	—	Small 1-2	673	103.93/cwt	100.00–112.00	699	5
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 3	685	97.04/cwt	94.00–100.00	665	2
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 3	730	102.00/cwt	102.00–102.00	745	1
Heifers	—	Medium and Large 2	760	112.00/cwt	112.00–112.00	851	1
Feeder Cattle · Bulls32 lots · lightest first
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 3	415	95.00/cwt	95.00–95.00	394	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1-2	423	138.83/cwt	135.00–150.00	587	10
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 2	424	125.16/cwt	115.00–130.00	531	7
Bulls	—	Small 1-2Fleshy	430	90.00/cwt	90.00–90.00	387	1
Bulls	—	Small 1-2	435	107.50/cwt	107.50–107.50	468	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1-2	455	142.00/cwt	142.00–142.00	646	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 3	455	97.50/cwt	97.50–97.50	444	1
Bulls	—	Small 1-2	470	107.55/cwt	105.00–112.50	505	3
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 2	482	124.95/cwt	115.00–134.00	602	17
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1-2Fleshy	505	129.48/cwt	127.00–132.00	654	2
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1-2Gaunt	510	130.00/cwt	130.00–130.00	663	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 3	515	112.50/cwt	112.50–112.50	579	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 2	522	122.82/cwt	115.00–132.00	641	25
Bulls	—	Small 1-2	524	107.89/cwt	100.00–112.00	565	4
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1-2	560	134.00/cwt	134.00–134.00	750	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 2	561	123.71/cwt	115.00–130.00	694	12
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 3	565	112.50/cwt	112.50–112.50	636	1
Bulls	—	Small 1-2	565	107.93/cwt	103.00–112.00	610	5
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 3Thin Fleshed	585	92.50/cwt	92.50–92.50	541	1
Bulls	—	Small 1-2	614	109.79/cwt	103.00–114.00	674	5
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 2	616	118.36/cwt	113.00–122.00	729	8
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1-2Fleshy	655	124.00/cwt	124.00–124.00	812	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 2	665	117.00/cwt	117.00–117.00	778	1
Bulls	—	Small 1-2	666	102.02/cwt	100.00–106.00	679	4
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 3	675	108.93/cwt	106.00–112.00	735	2
Bulls	—	Small 1-2	715	91.48/cwt	90.00–93.00	654	2
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 3	725	105.00/cwt	105.00–105.00	761	1
Bulls	—	Small 1-2	760	95.00/cwt	95.00–95.00	722	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 3	765	104.00/cwt	104.00–104.00	796	3
Bulls	—	Small 1-2Fleshy	765	91.00/cwt	91.00–91.00	696	2
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 1-2Fleshy	855	96.00/cwt	96.00–96.00	821	1
Bulls	—	Medium and Large 3	885	93.00/cwt	93.00–93.00	823	1
Slaughter Cattle · Bulls2 lots · lightest first
Bulls	—	—	1,229	80.31/cwt	75.00–83.00	987	4
Bulls	—	—	1,540	87.88/cwt	86.00–90.00	1,353	7
Slaughter Cattle · Cows7 lots · lightest first
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	880	42.44/cwt	33.00–49.00	373	24
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	988	37.63/cwt	33.00–43.00	372	2
Cows	—	Lean 85-90%	990	52.97/cwt	49.00–55.00	524	16
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	1,061	61.42/cwt	56.00–67.00	652	68
Cows	—	Boner 80-85%	1,210	68.51/cwt	68.00–69.00	829	4
Cows	—	Breaker 75-80%	1,328	64.24/cwt	62.00–66.00	853	10
Cows	—	Breaker 75-80%	1,560	53.56/cwt	52.00–54.00	836	4
Replacement Cattle · Bred Cows5 lots · lightest first
Bred Cows	—	Small 1-2	718	400.00/cwt	400.00–400.00	2,872	2
Bred Cows	—	Small 1-2	780	459.38/cwt	453.00–466.00	3,583	2
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	908	750.96/cwt	700.00–800.00	6,819	2
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,025	625.00/cwt	625.00–625.00	6,406	1
Bred Cows	—	Medium and Large 1-2	1,109	760.53/cwt	700.00–800.00	8,434	5

This sale against other markets

North Carolina weighted averages

One sale is one barn on one day. The state ladder is every North Carolina auction USDA reported that week, weighted by head — the fairer test of whether a lot sold well.

North Carolina feeder prices, every weight →Every state and region →

Stanly County Livestock Market - Norwood, NC

Wed Aug 26, 2020

USDA Livestock, Poultry & Grain Market News · Federal-State Market News Service, Raleigh, NC (RA-LS)

Feeder CattleReceipts 494Last week 558Year ago 885

Slaughter CattleReceipts 148Last week 111Year ago 160

Replacement CattleReceipts 20Last week 10Year ago 25

Feeder Cattle

As reported

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1-2 · Fleshy$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	680	126.00	126.00
1	—	570	130.00	130.00
1	—	545	132.00	132.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	255	150.00	150.00
2	—	755	122.00–123.00	122.50
3	—	228	140.00–150.00	145.82
3	—	718	120.00–125.00	123.04
4	—	373	140.00–157.50	146.68
4	—	653	131.00–132.00	131.50
8	—	471	135.00–149.00	143.56
9	—	324	137.50–160.00	145.18
10	—	572	134.00–140.00	137.71
13	—	521	134.00–145.00	141.43
13	—	629	129.00–136.00	133.16
15	—	422	136.00–155.00	145.21

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	185	137.50	137.50
1	—	240	132.50	132.50
1	—	435	127.50	127.50
1	—	650	125.00	125.00
1	—	720	114.00	114.00
2	—	270	130.00–137.50	133.96
3	—	468	115.00–130.00	120.87
3	—	593	124.00–130.00	126.99
3	—	773	109.00–112.00	110.68
4	—	391	130.00–135.00	133.74
4	—	525	120.00–132.00	128.06
6	—	328	117.50–137.50	129.85

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Medium and Large 3$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	740	100.00	100.00
2	—	613	95.00–111.00	102.90
3	—	372	95.00–115.00	104.48

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Small 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	378	110.00	110.00
1	—	860	101.00	101.00
1	—	705	100.00	100.00
1	—	690	105.00	105.00
1	—	480	105.00	105.00
1	—	345	102.50	102.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Steers — Small 1-2 · Fleshy$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	375	90.00	90.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 3 · Thin Fleshed$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	585	92.50	92.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Small 1-2 · Fleshy$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	430	90.00	90.00
2	—	765	91.00	91.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Small 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	435	107.50	107.50
1	—	760	95.00	95.00
2	—	715	90.00–93.00	91.48
3	—	470	105.00–112.50	107.55
4	—	524	100.00–112.00	107.89
4	—	666	100.00–106.00	102.02
5	—	565	103.00–112.00	107.93
5	—	614	103.00–114.00	109.79

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1-2 · Fleshy$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	655	124.00	124.00
1	—	855	96.00	96.00
2	—	505	127.00–132.00	129.48

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1-2 · Gaunt$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	510	130.00	130.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	455	142.00	142.00
1	—	560	134.00	134.00
10	—	423	135.00–150.00	138.83

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	665	117.00	117.00
7	—	424	115.00–130.00	125.16
8	—	616	113.00–122.00	118.36
12	—	561	115.00–130.00	123.71
17	—	482	115.00–134.00	124.95
25	—	522	115.00–132.00	122.82

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls — Medium and Large 3$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	415	95.00	95.00
1	—	455	97.50	97.50
1	—	515	112.50	112.50
1	—	565	112.50	112.50
1	—	725	105.00	105.00
1	—	885	93.00	93.00
2	—	675	106.00–112.00	108.93
3	—	765	104.00	104.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium 2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	465	121.00	121.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1-2 · Fleshy$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	460	123.00	123.00
4	—	525	113.00–115.00	114.49

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	190	130.00	130.00
1	—	335	130.00	130.00
5	—	382	130.00–132.00	130.82
5	—	657	118.00–121.50	120.80
6	—	625	116.00–121.00	118.51
8	—	578	117.00–126.00	120.36
10	—	424	126.00–133.00	130.38
11	—	470	124.00–129.00	126.10
19	—	518	118.00–126.00	122.39

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 2$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	618	113.00–114.00	113.50
4	—	278	117.50–127.50	123.76
4	—	665	109.00–114.00	112.52
1	—	760	112.00	112.00
16	—	468	112.00–151.00	122.01
7	—	576	112.00–117.00	114.97
6	—	422	114.00–124.00	118.86
6	—	379	113.00–125.00	116.72
6	—	325	112.50–126.00	121.49
5	—	524	112.00–117.00	114.99

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Small 2$ per cwt · actual wt
1	—	630	112.50	112.50

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Small 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
5	—	673	100.00–112.00	103.93
5	—	523	102.50–107.00	104.91
5	—	472	103.00–110.00	108.58
4	—	639	104.00–112.00	107.71
4	—	416	100.00–110.00	106.37
3	—	568	106.00–111.00	109.27
2	—	380	110.00–112.50	111.25

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Small 1-2 · Fleshy$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	533	90.00–92.00	91.01

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 3 · Thin Fleshed$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	405	90.00	90.00

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Heifers — Medium and Large 3$ per cwt · actual wt
5	—	379	92.50–110.00	105.16
3	—	423	100.00–107.50	104.23
2	—	685	94.00–100.00	97.04
2	—	615	95.00–104.00	99.46
2	—	575	95.00–112.00	103.35
2	—	505	100.00–105.00	102.48
2	—	455	100.00–112.00	106.00
1	—	730	102.00	102.00
1	—	330	102.50	102.50

Replacement Cattle

As reported

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Small 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	1st Stage (1-3 mo)	2	—	780	453.00–466.00	459.38
Young (2-4 yrs)	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	2	—	718	400.00	400.00

Age	Stage	Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bred Cows — Medium and Large 1-2$ per cwt · actual wt
Young (2-4 yrs)	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	2	—	908	700.00–800.00	750.96
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	2nd Stage (4-6 mo)	5	—	1,109	700.00–800.00	760.53
Middle Aged (5-8 yrs)	3rd Stage (7-9 mo)	1	—	1,025	625.00	625.00

Slaughter Cattle

As reported

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Bulls$ per cwt · actual wt
4	—	1,229	75.00–83.00	80.31
7	—	1,540	86.00–90.00	87.88

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Breaker 75-80%$ per cwt · actual wt
4	—	1,560	52.00–54.00	53.56
10	—	1,328	62.00–66.00	64.24

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Lean 85-90%$ per cwt · actual wt
16	—	990	49.00–55.00	52.97
24	—	880	33.00–49.00	42.44

Head	Wt range	Avg wt	Price range	Avg price
Cows — Boner 80-85%$ per cwt · actual wt
2	—	988	33.00–43.00	37.63
4	—	1,210	68.00–69.00	68.51
68	—	1,061	56.00–67.00	61.42

Head, weight ranges, average weights and price ranges are exactly as USDA AMS filed them — nothing recomputed, nothing rounded — in USDA's own reporting structure. This is RaisedBeef's rendering of that data, not a copy of USDA's document.